ASD is defined as a complex neurobehavioural and neurodevelopmental condition that can affect an individual’s social interaction, communication skills, sensory processing, and behaviour. People with ASD may experience the world differently, which can influence how they communicate, respond to sensory input, and interact with others. The core characteristics of ASD commonly include difficulties with communication and social interaction, alongside repetitive behaviours, routines, or focused interests. Individuals with ASD may also experience differences in sensory processing, meaning they can be either over-sensitive or under-sensitive to sounds, lights, textures, smells, or touch. These sensory differences can sometimes lead to anxiety or distress. As ASD exists on a spectrum, every individual is unique and may experience varying strengths, challenges, and support needs. While some individuals may require significant support in daily life, others may live more independently. Understanding these differences is important in creating inclusive environments that support communication, learning, and emotional wellbeing
Research references: Marotta, R., Risoleo, M.C., Messina, G., Parisi, L., Carotenuto, M., Vetri, L. and Roccella, M. (2020) ‘The neurochemistry of autism’. Brain sciences, 10(3), p.163.
Jang, J., Dixon, D.R., Tarbox, J. and Granpeesheh, D., 2011. Symptom severity and challenging behavior in children with ASD. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5(3), pp.1028-1032.
Rutherford, J.I. (2019) ‘A therapeutic approach to learning through creative storytelling’, Advances in Dual Diagnosis, 12(1/2), pp. 85–98.